
Praça de Tiananmen, 5 de Junho de 1989.
| KAPA | RASS | MARC | MRB | ALCO | Public Issue | Metron Analysis | |
| Nova Democracia | 26,1% | 26,5% | 26,0% | 23,9% | 25,0% | 25,5% | 27,1% |
| SYRIZA | 23,6% | 24,2% | 24,3% | 22,5% | 22,7% | 31,5% | 26,4% |
| PASOK | 9,9% | 12,1% | 12,5% | 12,6% | 12,5% | 13,5% | 13,4% |
| Gregos Independentes | 5,3% | 5,8% | 6,3% | 6,2% | 6,5% | 5,5% | 6,9% |
| Esquerda Democrática | 4,4% | 5,4% | 5,3% | 5,7% | 5,2% | 7,5% | 8% |
| KKE | 5,7% | 5,2% | 5,7% | 4,0% | 5,0% | 5,5% | 5,2% |
| Chrysi Avgi | 5,1% | 3,6% | 4,2% | 4,7% | 4,5% | 4,5% | 4,7% |
| Drasi/Dimiourgia Xana | - | - | - | - | - | - | 3,6% |
Some points of SYRIZA economic programme are:O programa parece-me menos radical do que, p.ex., o da "Aliança da Esquerda Unida" irlandesa (e têm pontos que só podem ir para a frente se outros países aceitarem); mas, no momento actual, deve ser o mais esquerda dos programaso dos grandes partidos (estou defenindo "grande partido" como "partido que é um dos dois maiores do seu país") europeus.
1) Replacement of MoU with National Recovery Plan
2) Unemployment benefit to be restored to 461 euro and to be prolonged for two years. Unemployment benefit also for self-employed.
3) Cancellation of MoU-imposed flexible work contracts.
4) Suspending payment of interest rates until stable conditions apply.
5) Cancellation of “emergency taxes” first of all for jobless
6) Rich to pay more 4% for the next 4 years.
7) Gradual decrease of V.A.T. and VAT minimization for food
8) Immediate decrease of VAT in tourism and catering
9) Freezing of privatizations of public organizations like telephone company OTE, railways TRAINOSE, water company EYTHAP, electric company PPC (DEI), the post office.
10) Immediate ‘freezing’ of cuts in social benefits, salaries and pensions
11) Nationalization of banks under ‘public and transparent control’.
To raise revenue to pay for such measures Tsipras plans to confiscate property from those who fail to pay taxes; sign a bilateral agreement with Switzerland on the taxation of savings of Greek citizens there; a radical reform of the tax system to redistribute wealth; and the introduction of a National Programmatic Agreement to raise taxes from ship owners and the maritime industry
Further he announced change of the elections law and cancellation of 50-seats bonus, change in the law protecting ministers, mutual agreements with neighboring countries for the markation of EEZ.
He stated that he will propose to Turkey to stop the armament race and to Skopje a FYROM- solution for the name issue.
ND 23.4% – SYRIZA 22.1% – PASOK 13.5% – INDEPENDENT GREEKS 7.4% – KKE 5.9% – DEMOCRATIC LEFT 5.1% -CHRYSI AVGI 4.2%
Europe could strengthen its monetary union by giving European politicians the power to declare a sovereign state bankrupt and take over its fiscal policy, the former head of the European Central Bank said on Thursday in unveiling a bold proposal to salvage the euro. (...)
The monetary union has always defied economic principles, because the euro was launched ahead of European fiscal or political union. This has caused strains for countries running huge budget deficits - namely Greece, Portugal, Ireland, Spain and Italy - that have led to financing difficulties and over-stretched banking systems.
For the European Union, a fully fledged United States of Europe where nation states cede a large chunk of fiscal authority to the federal government appears politically unpalatable, Trichet said.
An alternative is to activate the EU federal powers only in exceptional circumstances when a country's budgetary policies threaten the broader monetary union, he said.
"Federation by exception seems to me not only necessary to make sure we have a solid Economic and Monetary Union, but it might also fit with the very nature of Europe in the long run. I don't think we will have a big (centralized) EU budget," Trichet said in a speech before the Peterson Institute of International Economics here.
"It is a quantum leap of governance, which I trust is necessary for the next step of European integration," he said. (...)
Trichet said the building blocks already are in place for moving ahead with his fiscal plan.
Countries have agreed to surveillance of each other's budgets and they have agreed to levy fines on countries that run excessive budget deficits, giving them fiscal oversight authority.
The next step would be to take a country into receivership when its political leaders or its parliament cannot implement sound budgetary policies approved by the EU. The action would have democratic accountability if it were approved by the European Council of EU heads of states and the elected European Parliament, he said.
The idea earned a warm reception from leading economists and prominent Europeans attending the session.
Aparentemente, a ideia de Trichet é dar ao Parlamento Europeu e ao Conselho Europeu (aquela reunião - normalmente de 6 em 6 meses - entre o presidente de França e os primeiros-ministros dos outros países da UE) poder para assumir a gestão das finanças de algum país-membro se o acharem necessário. Ele diz que isso é "democrático"; mas será?"It is a very radical proposal, couched as a modest step," said Richard Cooper, international economist at Harvard.
Caio Koch Weser, former German economics minister, said he found it "very attractive" because it addresses the problem of a strong European Central Bank, a weak European Commission which acts as the EU's executive branch, and a confused European Council, which provides political leadership.
IN KEEPING with a tradition set by former Greek governments - to pass an electoral law from which it will benefit - the Karamanlis administration has sent its own electoral reform bill to parliament. There are just three changes to the existing law, but they could prove significant in shaping thecountry's political map for years to come.Em primeiro lugar, note-se que afinal, esta mudança legislativa que só entrou em vigor na segunda eleição depois de ser aprovada sempre beneficiou o partido que a aprovou - a Nova Democracia. Mas o ponto que quero chamar a atenção é outro, e que afecta as contas que algumas pessoas (incluindo eu) fazem quando vêem as sondagens: "Another change to the law could best be described as a pre-emptive strike. It
The most important departure from the current law is that the party that manages to gather the most votes will receive an extra 10 seats, bringing the number of its electoral bonus seats - aimed at guaranteeing that the first party will be able to form an outright parliamentary majority - to 50. The rest of the seats are allocated fairly proportionately.
It is a change that keeps almost everyone happy, including the smaller parties- the winners of the electoral law that was voted by Pasok during its lastterm in office, which ensured their biggest representation in parliament in over a decade.
However, the changes might prove a boomerang for the ruling party. In order to stop electoral law changes, especially those designed to trip-up political adversaries, the 2001 constitution stipulates that they be enforced after the next scheduled election. This means that the next election will take place under the current electoral rules. By the time the new rules come into effect,the balance might have tipped against ND, in which case the party will find itself in a most unfortunate position.
In their report in support of the changes, the two relevant ministers,Interior Minister Prokopis Pavlopoulos and Justice Minister Sotiris Hatzigakis, explained the reason behind them, saying "The result of theSeptember 16 elections proved in an indisputable way that the electoral law did not fulfil one of its two basic aims - that is to ensure the first party a comfortable majority of parliamentary seats, despite the fact that it got nearly 4 percent more votes than the following party."
ND only managed to obtain 152 votes in the last election, even though it received almost 42 percent of the vote. The 1996 election results were practically the reverse - Pasok received around 42 percent of the vote, and ND trailed by around four percentage points. However, Pasok established acomfortable parliamentary majority of 162 seats.
Another change to the law could best be described as a pre-emptive strike. It denies the 50-seat bonus to party coalitions.
Finally, a third change forces parties to include women candidates on their ballots. Essentially, each sex must be represented on ballots by at least 30 percent. Currently, just 48 out of Greece's 300 MPs are female, while out of atotal of 40 government ministers, just two are women.
Pasok spokesperson Yiannis Ragousis said the bill "proved the government is a deeply conservative force".
His party has proposed far-reaching changes that would give Greece a system similar to that currently operating in Germany - a more proportional one with some MP's elected by their constituents and others from a party list.
Lewis Carroll
Alice do outro lado do espelho, cap. IV
"HOJE BATTISTI, AMANHÃ TU" from Passa Palavra on Vimeo.